Understanding real impact can be elusive, and so we measure.  Monitoring the intended impact against actual impact is a critical step in understanding how effective a strategy/program/project has been for urban change.  In 2009, I first learned about the Logical Framework Matrix designed for the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) in 1969.  It is a common sense tool, and there is strength in its simplicity.  If from the outset, measurable indicators have been identified and tied to inputs, projects over time will be much more effective.  Even if the first one did not go as anticipated, there is an opportunity to learn, adjust, and know better next time.

* See "data-driven decision-making" expertise for specific examples.